Hammock



m h S h. t w h s 2 T E M LM EM A .H A. G

(No Model.)

No. 498,245. Patented May 30, 1893.

(No Model.) J2 Sheets-Shet 2."

I G. A. DE LANEY.

HAMMOOK. v

71571797757.- I x 1 JJ71J217?uz1 UNIT D STAT S i PATENT O FIC CHARLOTTE A. DE LANEY, OF SANTA BARBARA," CALIFORNIA.

HAM MOCK.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 498,245, dated May 30, 1893. Application filed October 20. 1891. Serial No. 409,334. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLOTTE A. DE LANEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Santa Barbara, in the county of Santa Barbara and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hammocks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in covered hammocks that are designed more particularly for out door use, and it has for its object, mainly,to produce a water-tight hammock having several special points and features of. construction that adapt it for use as a tent or covering from sun and heat by day, a bed by night and a protection from the weather and noxious insects or animals at all times.

The improvements embraced in my present invention consist of' a body and a canopy of novel construction in being made each of a single piece of canvas and so joined together that no'seams or joints are formed on the top or at the other parts and surfaces wh ere water is liable to enter. The bottom, sides and upright ends comprise the body-part, and they are produced by folding and cutting a single piece of canvas or suitable fabric in a peculiar manner. The canopy which is united to this body part consists of a top, or roof,and side pieces that are adapted to serve as curtains at the sides ofthe'hammock to close the open sidesor to furnish awnings for shade. In connection with the body-part there are aprons at the open sides to lap over the bed for a protection to the clothing. These parts composing the hammock body and canopy are stretched and held in form by a stifi frame, also of novel construction in being put together without metal fastenings and being readily taken apart for packing. In combination with the frame there are slings for suspending the hammock above the ground from a support over-head.

a The nature of these improvements and the manner in which I proceed to construct and apply the same will be understood more clearly from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a perspective view of a hammock embodying my said imview of the canopy or top part andwside curtains detached from the body. Fig. 8 is a similar view'of the body part before the top is joined to it.

A indicates the body-part, and B the canopy, or top-part of the hammock.

. A are aprons at the sides that fold inwardly from opposite sides over the bed-clothing to protect the same in wet weather, and B are curtains formed integral with the toppart to cover the openings in the sides of the hammock.

O O are longitudinal bars incased in the top-part and DD are transversebraces placed between the rods and forming with them a top-frame to distend the canopy and hold it in shape. C O are similar bars that form with other braces D, D, the bottom frame.

E E are cords passed around the ends of the bars in both frames, binding the two frames together. t

G and H are ropes carried around the ends of the bars and fastened under the bottom to bind the two frames together.

The body part is produced from a single piece of fabric =such as duck or canvas substantially as followsz-The piece is of rectangular shape in outline, its lengthbeing sufficient to form the bottom and the two upright ends of the hammock, while its breadth furnishes enough material on each side of the bottom or bed-portion to form sidesof required height andmaterial for theaprons. The rectangular piece is folded along the sides upon itself, as illustrated in Fig. 6, to give-double thickness of material for the upright sides. The ends 61. a are bent upright tion along each side from the two points Z Z (Figs. 6 and S) is then cut transversely on the lines Z Z so that the material thus separated from the doubled side-portions a a can be unfolded and turned outward. These separated portions form the aprons or side pieces A to fold in over the bedding.

The piece of fabric for the top is of suitable width to extend across the bod y-part and cover the sides as well. The top portion Bis united to the side pieces a a along the seam w, and to the ends a along the seam t. The curtains B are extensions of the top part, and are made sufficiently wide to cover the side openings.

On the top portion B, and on the bed are pockets or casings to receive the longitudinal bars of the frame. In one form, as shown on top of the hammock, these pockets are made by folding the material of the top 13 and stitching it on a longitudinal line to produce a tubular case b into which the bar 0 may be inserted from one end; in another way as represented in Figs. 2, 6 and 8 strips of fabric I I are stitched along their outer edges to the sides of the bottom, and are drawn taut by means of lacings J for which eyelet holes are provided on the inner edges of the easing strips. These pieces attached in this way form pockets to receive and inclose the bars 0' of the frame. When the transverse bars D are set in place and the lacing is drawn up the parts of the frame will be held tightly together.

The ends of the cross-bars D are fitted to the longitudinal bars by What I have termed. a cope-joint in which the end of the cross-bar is cut concave to fit against and partly around. the rounded face of the longitudinal bar. This the parts of the frame from slipping, while it does not weaken the bars like a mortised 'oint.

J Round bars or rods of wood are the best for the frame, but where those cannot conveniently be had for the purpose square or flat bars can be used. Fig. 5 illustrates a form of joint suitable for flat bars.

In addition to their function as a casing or holder for the frame, the strips or flaps I will be found to form a yielding or elastic bed bottom that may be used in warm climates without a bed or mattress.

The ropes E E pass around the top and bot tom frames at both ends and they draw the bars and braces tightly together. Rings or eyes mm at the sides prevent the ropes from slipping out of place.

The slings G G at the ends of the hammock are composed of two separate sets of ropes which are attached to the top bars 0' G of the frame at the points 9 g on each side and the four ropes then brought over the top are united to a suspension ring or hook L, those at the head being arranged the same as those at the foot of the hammock.

In situations where the hammock cannot be suspended by the slings at both ends, the side slings are brought into service, and the hammock can be suspended from a single point of support overhead. The hooks or rings of the side slings H are set to one side of the center in order to throw the greater weight of the hammock to the foot, so that when a person lies at full length the heavier portion of the body being disposed on the shorter side of the point of suspension the haininockwill be evenly balanced. The aprons A should be of suitable width to lap over the bed clothing where such protection is desirable and the side curtains should have fastenings to hold them down over the side openings when it is desired to close the hammock.

The material of which the top and body and other parts of the hammock are constructed should be varnished or otherwise treated to render it thoroughly water-proof and it may be painted or colored according to taste.

It will be noticed in this construction that on the top or at other points on the sides and ends where the top is joined to the body there are no seams or joints to let in water or where moisture can enter to the inside; and also the body-part to it the center portion of the top is depressed or made somewhat lower than the sides and consequently the water collecting on the top is discharged only at the ends of the hammock.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters 1 Patent, ischaracter of joint is well adapted to prevent 1. The herein described hammock comprising the body part formed by a single piece of fabric folded as described having upright side pieces of double thickness, closed seamless ends and bottom, side aprons, canopy or top part formed of one piece of fabric having the curtains at the side openings, the said body part and top being united by seams at the end and along the sides at the top under the side pieces, the incased top and bottom frames the cords uniting the top and bottom frames, and the double strings attached to the top bars as described.

2. In a hammocka body part having a bottom seamless upright ends and upright side pieces of double thickness produced from a single piece of fabric cut and folded as described in combination with the canopy or top part produced from a single piece of fabric, having a seamless top and side curtains integral with the top, the said body part and top part being joined and united along the contiguous edges at the ends and side pieces combined with top and bottom frames, each consisting of longitudinal side bars and transverse bars secured between said side bars near the ends of the latter, the side bars of the upper frame being incased in two poek- In testimony that I claim the foregoing I gts of the topfart and those of the lower have hereunto set my hand and seal.

rame in a sing e pocket having a laced up- 1 per side to form the bed-bottom, a cord E at CHARLOTTE DE 5 each end of the hammock passing around Witnesses:

and inclosing the four sidebars, and support- 0. W. M. SMITH, ing cords for the frames, as specified. J AS. J. PEARSON. 

